The theory is known as "three cueing." The name comes from the notion that readers use three different kinds of information — or "cues" — to identify words as they are reading.

It has been a constant refrain among my friends that when someone egregiously misinterprets something online, there is a real possibility that they literally do not know how to read. This is a bit of a joke, but also it's not, given the prevalence of three-cueing techniques used in American schooling. I recommend everyone read (REALLY READ) this page. They are not teaching 'reading'! It's guessing!

There are examples on this page of educational tools that tell kids to skip words that are hard! This is not teaching reading! This is teaching skimming!

Margaret Goldberg, a teacher and literacy coach in the Oakland Unified School District, remembers a moment when she realized what a problem the three-cueing approach was. She was with a first-grader named Rodney when he came to a page with a picture of a girl licking an ice cream cone and a dog licking a bone.

The text said: "My little dog likes to eat with me."

But Rodney said: "My dog likes to lick his bone."

AAAA!!!! AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

Goldberg realized lots of her students couldn't actually read the words in their books; instead, they were memorizing sentence patterns and using the pictures to guess. One little boy exclaimed, "I can read this book with my eyes shut!"

"Oh no," Goldberg thought. "That is not reading."

Los Angeles is built on a grid much like Toronto’s. Its suburbs have a population density similar to Toronto’s, which is considerably higher than that of the suburbs of the eastern cities we tend to view as friendlier to transit. A grid of buses is an ideal transit system for a decentralized city like L.A., and the city has already built much of the rapid transit backbone the model calls for. But what Los Angeles has never had, and what turns out to be the most essential element, is the unglamourous bus frequency on which Toronto’s success actually rests.

I'll admit that as a Transit Enthusiast I am, of course, predisposed to the noble Train. But the humble Bus has advantages -- the easiest to nail of course is adaptability and usability on streets without infrastructural modification. I think this is an intriguing take! I have some concerns, especially since LA's traffic patterns make buses almost as liable to slowdown as cars (bus lanes help, of course, but can only help so much), but more regular and reliable transit is always good.

The AMD BC-250 was built to act as a crypto-mining device, but as that scam is winding down there are a bunch on the market for reasonable prices. As crypto miners often have similar performance needs to gaming PCs, gamers & devs are collaborating on a simple path to make the BC-250 into a relatively simple DIY mini gaming PC. I love stuff like this -- it's basically e-waste at this point, and giving it a second life as a reasonably capable linux PC is a great move.